SEWAGE
TREATMENT



SEWAGE TREATMENT
Sewage is conventionally treated by
filtration, settling and by chemical
means. But you can treat your effluent
to obtain clean water and you can even
transform your sewage into a garden.



CLEAN WATER

SEPTIC SYSTEMS

WHOLEWATER SYSTEM

GRAYWATER

LEACHING FIELDS

WATERLESS TOILETS

RETENTION PONDS

SIDEWALK AQUEDUCTS

THE SOLAR SEWAGE WALL

FOUNTAINS

WETLANDS

FLOWFORMS

ALGAE

BIOSHELTERS

EFFLUENTS



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 1



CLEAN
WATER



CLEAN WATER
Many diseasers are caused at least partly
by various environmental conditions. In
each year millions, most of which are
elderly and childrens, die of diseases
contracted from unclean water. About
half of the worlds leading diseases
depend on water for their transmission
at some stage. This is the case in areas
where the local water supply is often used
for drinking, washing, and sewage disposal.
This forms a perfect breeding ground for
most diseases that kills more people then
any other cause in the world.

FRESH WATER
Only a tiny fraction of the water on earth
is fresh water in rivers, lakes, accessible
aquifers and the atmosphere. Where we can
reach it. About half the world's people do
not have easy access to all the clean water
that they need.

Of the 3% of the water on earth that is fresh
water, most is locked up in polar ice caps and
glaciers, the rest is underground. That means
that less than one hundredth of 1% of the fresh
water on earth exits in the atmosphere, rivers,
lakes, where it is easy to get to and to use.

Most of the water on earth goes to irrigate crops.
Most of our water comes from lakes, rivers, streams,
and water ways that collect surface runoff. This has
oil, pesticides, and other pollution from the near
and surrounding areas. Add to this sewage and soil
erosion. This runoff with its pollution tend to
accumulate in all of our watershed, worldwide. Plus
you have the problem with air pollution.




CLEAN
WATER
LINKS



CLEAN WATER ACT
http://www.cleanwateract.org/

CLEAN WATER SYSTEM INTL.
http://www.cleanwatersysintl.com/

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
CLEAN WATER AGENCIES
http://www.nacwa.org/

PROJECT CLEAN WATER
http://www.projectcleanwater.org/

US WATER NEWS
http://www.uswaternews.com/

THE WETLANDS REGULATION CENTER
http://www.wetlands.com/



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 2



SEPTIC
SYSTEMS



SEPTIC SYSTEMS
Septic systems for the most part are closed
systems, that cause little or no problems.
The system contain microorganisms that can
decompose the waste. However these systems
in third world and rural areas can be the
major source of water pollution. This is
mainly due the fact that there are few if
any regulations, and tests. When you add
raw sewage and other pollution elements the
watershed is affected.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 3



WHOLEWATER
SYSTEM



WHOLEWATER SYSTEM
A system that combines three important emements,
PONDS, FLOWFORMS, CREATED WETLANDS.
The wholewater system mirrors that
of nature, by providing the aerobic
conditions where bacteria and other
microorganism thrive. Using this type
of system you can construct a system
of wetland areas where your end
product is clean water.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 4



GRAYWATER



GRAYWATER
Graywater is the household waste water
that is not part of the toilet, and need
not be part of the sewage system. Why use
water that is clean enough to drink, for
your plants, when plants can tolerate or
even flourish from graywater.

The best quality graywater source are the
showers, tubs, bathroom sinks and laundry
water. Never collect water that has been
used to wash diapers, and avoid graywater
from the kitchen, because of oily food
debris which clogs filters and encourages
the spread of bacteria. There is enough
graywater used in the home to provide for
your lawn and gardens.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 5



LEACHING
FIELDS



LEACHING FIELDS
The function of leaching fields is to further purify
the liquid from the septic and disperse tank into
the soil without polluting the groundwater, which
supplies well water. The four most common types
of leaching fields are trenches, beds, galleries,
and pits (drywells). The type and size of field at
your home is determined by the soil conditions. In
soils with slower drainage characteristics, a larger
field is needed. In sand and gravel, type soils, the
less leaching area is required.

Leaching fields are an integral component of
septic tank individual sewage disposal system.
Leaching field may be referred to as tile fields
or absorption trenches. Whichever term is used,
the function, testing, construction, and maintenance
techniques of this component remain the same,
in leaching-field construction.
Before installing a leaching field in a specified
area you must perform a percolation test. This test
determines whether the area selected is suitable for
such sewage disposal.



LEACHING
FIELDS
LINKS



BIOREACTOR
http://www.bioreactor.org/

ECO-WEB
http://www.eco-web.com/

FVHD HOMEOWNERS GUIDE
http://www.fvhd.org/

HANDYMAN USA
http://www.handymanusa.com/

INTEGRATED PUBLISHING
http://www.tpub.com/

PLANNERS WEB
http://www.plannersweb.com/

SEPTIC SYSTEM HELP
http://www.septicsystemhelp.com/

U. S. INSPECTIONS
http://www.usinspect.com/



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 6



WATERLESS
TOILETS




Composting and moldering toilets
use no water. Most water-based
systems give little consideration
to completing a cycle where it
begins - on the farm or in the
garden or home.



BACK TO TOP



COMPOSTING
TOILETS



COMPOSTING TOILETS
The principles behind this system is the
same as in the compost heap: aerobic
decomposition. The waste starts out at
about 90% water, with the builded-in
heat of the pile and time, you will
have a quick, oderless system that is
easy to maintain.



BACK TO TOP



MOLDERING
TOILETS



MOLDERING TOILETS
a moldering toilet is simply a
composting toilet that is built to
allow for very long term slow
composting in place - the waste
molders, rather than composts,
much as leaves and plant debris
molder on the surface of soil
through the action of bacteria,
fungi, and microorganisms. With
moldering, the technology applied
for waste treatment is mainly
isolation, and time itself.




BACK TO TOP



SECTION 7



RETENTION
PONDS



RETENTION PONDS
Ponds designed to hold water, all the
time, with the water level rising during
rain and storms. This includes shallow
areas where wetland plants flourish and
help remove pollutants. These should
always be shallow enough to allow the
wind to keep the water mixed and aerobic
action to take place throughout your
ponds and lagoons.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 8



SIDEWALK
AQUEDUCTS



SIDEWALK AQUEDUCTS
It is possible to design a sidewalk aqueduct,
through which flowing waters, are directly
exposed to air and sunlight is purified.
This is the type of system that can be use
to help remove pollutants as well as to
clean dark and/or graywater. Such aqueduct
can be used to redirect rain, storm and
run-off to storage lagoons, and serve as
other useful and non-destructive purposes.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 9



THE
SOLAR
SEWAGE
WALL



THE SOLAR SEWAGE WALL
A long, thin greenhouse-like structure with
the south wall and ceiling translucent to
the sunlight. It creates a barrier that
separates pedestrians from traffic. The
water enters at one end of the in take
channel, by the time the water leaves the
structure, it is ready for many kinds of
reuse.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 10



FOUNTAINS



FOUNTAINS
When you use water as a visible part of
the fabric of architecture, settlements
and the landscape. It will break the
heat of the day, as well as play a
part in the purifying the water that
flows through the systems.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 11



WETLANDS



WETLANDS
Freshwater wetlands are among the most
threatened of habitats in the world. These
wetlands serves functions that cannot be
achieved in any other habitat. More then
one tenth of the world use to be wetlands.
Now more than half has been lost in most
parts of the world. These wetlands act as
the lungs of the world.

1. WILDLIFE HABITAT:
Wetlands are home to hundreds of
species of plants and animals that
cannot survive elsewhere. In some
parts of the world, this will also
include certain hunter-gethers
that depend on these habitats.

2. FLOOD CONTROL:
Wetlands are able to absorb a large
amount of water when it rains and the
rivers rise. So they produce a nature
way to provide flood control.

3. WATER PURIFICATION:
Wetland plants absorb an enormous
quantities of pollutants, which is why
artificial wetlands are being built in
many areas to clean up the water from
sewage, plants and feedlots before it
is returned to a water way.

4. NUTRIENT RECYCLING:
When water flows through a section
of wetland, plants remove most of the
nutrient in the water. Preventing them
from washing out at the far side and
eventually being washed out to sea.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 12



FLOWFORMS



FLOWFORMS
Flowforms aerate the water enroute to
a secondary pond where higher organisms
combines with an aerobic bacteria to
destroy algae and pollutants. This is
done by the exposure of the maximum
amount of the water to clean air in
order to oxygenate it.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 13



ALGAE



ALGAE
The group of related living things, mostly
living in water. Algae contain chlorophyll
but lack true stems, roots or leaves. Some
algae are one-celled and form scum on rocks,
while others such as seaweed are very large.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 14



BIOSHELTERS



BIOSHELTERS
The mix between biology, architecture and
ecological design. A systemic design that
incorporates the biological elements into
a structure that is greenhouse, aquaculture
facility and residence for the people who
who work in it. This type of project can
work for a small structure, village, rural
small towns or parts of a city.



BACK TO TOP



SECTION 15



EFFLUENTS



EFFLUENTS

WHERE THEY COME
FROM IN THE HOME.

40% TOILETS,
30% BATHING,
15% LAUNDRY,
10% KITCHENS,
5% MISC. CARS,LAWNS.





BACK TO TOP



BIONEER

CODEX

GREEN INDEX

GREEN SUB-INDEX

HUMANURE



HOME

E-MAIL