AFRICAN
STUDIES




AFRICAN STUDIES

BLACK STUDIES

AFROCENTRIC/AFROCENTRISM

AFROCENTRIC/AFROCENTRISM LINKS

BAMUM PROJECT

TIMBUKTU PROJECT

TIMBUKTU PROJECT LINKS

AFRICAN DIASPORA

AFRICAN DIASPORA LINKS

AFRICANA

AFRICANA STUDIES

AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES

AFRICENTRIC EDUCATION

ISLAM IN AFRICA

CULTURE OF AFRICA

AFRICAN STUDIES RESOURCES

AFRICAN CULTURE AND TRADITIONS

AFRICAN CULTURE AND TRADITIONS RELATED TOPICS

AFRICAN ACADEMIC REFERENCES

AFRICAN STUDIES LINKS



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SECTION 1



AFRICAN
STUDIES




African studies is the study of Africa,
and can encompass such fields as social
and economic development, politics,
history, culture, sociology, anthropology
or linguistics.

A specialist in African studies is referred
to as an Africanist.




Subfields include:

Linguistics
History
Egyptology
Ethiopia
Bantu (South Africa)
West Africa
Congo
Great Zimbabwe
Colonisation of Africa
African slave trade
Decolonisation of Africa
Military history
Archaeology
Philosophy
Literature
Politology
Human rights
Demographics
Urbanization
HIV/AIDS
Economy
Poverty
Development aid
Education
Ecology
Religion




African American studies,

a subfield of American studies is
sometimes combined with African
studies under the name of:


"Africana studies"

or

Black studies.



AFRICAN STUDIES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_studies



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SECTION 2



BLACK
STUDIES




In United States education,
Africana studies, Africology
or Black studies:


Is the study of the histories, politics
and cultures of peoples of African origin
both in Africa and in the African diaspora.

It is thus the sum of the fields of African
studies and African diaspora studies
(Afro-Latin American and African American
studies).

Africana Studies departments at many major
universities grew out of the Afrocentric
"Black Studies" departments formed in the
70s.

Rather than focusing on black topics in the
African diaspora (often exclusively African
American topics) these reformed departments
aimed to expand the field to encompass all
of the African diaspora.

They also sought to better align themselves
with other University departments finding
continuity and compromise between the radical
Afrocentricity of the past decades and the
multicultural scholarship found in many fields
today.



BLACK STUDIES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_studies



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SECTION 3



AFROCENTRICITY
AFROCENTRISM




Afrocentricity,

Afrocentrism,

is a world view that
considers African peoples,
their cultures,
histories,
collective struggles,
needs,
aspirations,
to be central to the
interpretation and
utilization of data.


Afrocentrists:

commonly contend that approaching knowledge
from a Eurocentrist perspective, as well as
certain mainstream assumptions in the
application of information in the West, has
led to injustices and inadequacies in meeting
the needs of African peoples, meaning indigenous,
Black Africans and the peoples of the African
diaspora.



AFROCENTRICITY
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrocentricity



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SECTION 3A



AFROCENTRICITY
AFROCENTRIC
LINKS




AFRO STYLY.COM
http://www.afrostyly.com/english/

AMERICAN PARTISAN
http://www.american-partisan.com/

ANKH ONLINE
http://www.ankhonline.com/

ASANTE NET
http://www.asante.net/

The Association for Rational Thought
http://www.cincinnatiskeptics.org/

Building Bridges to Afrocentrism
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/

HISTORY PLACE
http://www.historyplace.com/

RETURN TO GLORY
http://www.returntoglory.org/



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SECTION 4



BAMUM
SCRIPTS
ARCHIVES
PROJECT




Bamum Scripts and Archives Project at the
Bamum Palace is engaged in a variety of
initiatives, including collecting and
photographing threatened documents,
translating and in some cases hand-copying
documents, creating a fully usable Bamum
computer font for the inventory of documents,
and creating a safe environment for the
preservation and storage of documents.



Bamum Scripts and Archives Project
http://bamumscript.org/


Bamum Scripts and Archives Project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamum_Scripts_and_Archives_Project




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SECTION 5



TIMBUKTU
MANUSCRIPTS
PROJECT




Timbuktu Manuscripts Project:

is a cultural project which aims to preserve
around 700,000 scholarly Islamic manuscripts
in the city of Timbuktu, Mali.

Some of the manuscripts date back to the 13th
century and are currently held in 24 private
libraries in and around Timbuktu.

It also aims to make access to public and private
libraries around Timbuktu more widely available
and easier for those in Malian society and to
show that the conventional historical view of
Africa as a purely "oral continent" is not correct.


The project was begun in 2000
and is scheduled to end in 2007.



Timbuktu Manuscripts Project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timbuktu_Manuscripts_Project



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SECTION 5A



TIMBUKTU
MANUSCRIPTS
PROJECT
LINKS




Timbuktu Educational Foundation
http://www.timbuktufoundation.org/





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SECTION 6



THE
AFRICAN
DIASPORA




The African diaspora was the the movement
of Africans and their descendants to places
throughout the world such as the Americas,
Europe, Asia, and Australia.

Much of the African diaspora is descended
from people who were enslaved and shipped
to the Americas during the Atlantic slave
trade, with the largest population living
in Brazil.



African diaspora
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_diaspora



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SECTION 6A



AFRICAN
DIASPORA
LINKS




The African Diaspora Policy Centre (ADPC)
http://www.diaspora-centre.org/

African Union
http://www.africa-union.org/

The Blacks of East Bengal
http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/bengal.html/

Columbia Universities
http://www.columbia.edu/

Museum of the African Diaspora
http://www.moadsf.org/

Pan-Africanism in South Asia
http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/

STEWART SYNOPSIS
http://www.stewartsynopsis.com/

Teachers TV Black History Programmes
http://www.teachers.tv/



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SECTION 7



AFRICANA




Africana is a Latin word, the feminine
form of africanus meaning "African".



Africana
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africana



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SECTION 8



AFRICANA
STUDIES




In United States education, Africana Studies, Black Studies, or
Africology, is the study of the histories, politics and cultures
of peoples of African origin both in Africa and in the African
diaspora.

It is to be distinguished from African studies, as its focus combines
Africa and the African diaspora (Afro-Latin American, African American
studies, Black studies) into a concept of an "African experience" with
a Pan-African perspective.



Africana studies
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africana_studies



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SECTION 9



AFRICAN-AMERICAN
STUDIES




African-American Studies is an interdisciplinary academic field
devoted to the study of the history, culture, and politics of
Black Americans. Taken broadly, the field studies not only the
cultures of people of African descent in the United States, but
the cultures of the entire African diaspora but it has been
defined in different ways.



The field includes:

scholars of African-American literature,

history,

politics,

religion, religious studies,

sociology,

and many other disciplines within the
humanities and social sciences.



African-American studies
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_studies



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SECTION 10



AFRICENTRIC
EDUCATION




Afrocentric education is education designed to empower peoples
of the African diaspora. A central premise behind it is that
many Africans have been subjugated by limiting their awareness
of themselves and indoctrinating them with ideas that work
against them.

To control a people's culture is to control their tools of
self-determination in relationship to others. Like educational
leaders of other cultures, proponents assert that what educates
one group of people does not necessarily educate and empower
another group—so they assert educational priorities distinctly
for the Africans in a given context.



Afrocentric education
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrocentric_education



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SECTION 11



ISLAM
IN
AFRICA




Africa was the first continent, outside of Arabia that Islam
spread into in the early 7th century. Almost one-third of the
world's Muslim population resides in this continent.

Muslims crossed current Djibouti and Eritrea to seek refuge in
current Ethiopia during the Hijarat. Most Muslims in Africa are
Sunni; the complexity of Islam in Africa is revealed in the
various schools of thought, traditions, and voices in many
African countries. African Islam is not static and is constantly
being reshaped by prevalent social, economic, and political
conditions. Generally Islam in Africa often adapted to African
cultural contexts and belief systems forming Africa's own
orthodoxies.

It was estimated in 2002 that Muslims constitute 45% of the
population of Africa. Islam has a large presence in North
Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Swahili Coast, and much of
West Africa, with minority but significant immigrant
populations in South Africa.



Islam in Africa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Africa



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SECTION 12



CULTURE
OF
AFRICA




The culture of Africa is varied and manifold. It is a product
of the diverse populations that today inhabit the continent
of Africa and the African Diaspora. It has been affected by
other internal and external forces.

Africa is divided into a great number of ethnic cultures. The
continent's cultural regeneration has also been an integral
aspect of post-independence nation-building on the continent,
with a recognition of the need to harness the cultural
resources of Africa to enrich the process of education,
requiring the creation of an enabling environment in a number
of ways. In recent times, the call for a much greater emphasis
on the cultural dimension in all aspects of development has
become increasingly vocal.



Culture of Africa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Africa



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SECTION 13



AFRICAN
STUDIES
RESOURCES




AEGIS (African Studies)(Europe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AEGIS_(African_Studies)

Africa Bibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_Bibliography

Africa Interactive Map
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Africa

African Studies Association
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Studies_Association

Africana studies
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africana_studies

Bamum Scripts and Archives Project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamum_Scripts_and_Archives_Project

List of African studies journals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African_studies_journals

Pan-Africanism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-Africanism

Timbuktu Manuscripts Project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timbuktu_Manuscripts_Project

United Nations Environment Programme
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Environment_Programme



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SECTION 14



AFRICAN
CULTURE
AND
TRADITIONS




Africa is the second largest continent and the most populous
after Asia. More than one billion people live in Africa.

Origins of humans and hominids are traced back to Africa, making
it the oldest inhabited region. It has a diverse geography ranging
from deserts to snow capped mountains. Tropical rain forest is
present in the equatorial region. Due south are found the grasslands
which give way to the coastal plains. Long rivers such as Nile, Niger,
Zaire, and Zambezi drain the continent. The continent consists of more
than 50 countries, and occupies a large amount of land divided into
distinct ecological zones.

In colonial times Africa was exploited for its natural wealth, which
led to major consequences such as slave trade, indentured labor and
forced migration of people. To understand this further, consider the
words of Dr. Marimba Ani, "The continuity of African cultural identity
has been interrupted by the experience of slavery. We as people, have
not been allowed to find our way back to the sense of cultural identity
and continuity needed to function in the world with a collective
consciousness."



People and Culture

When one thinks of Africa, many ideas come into the mind. Its culture
consists of largely tribal communities living in harmony with nature,
with unchanged lifestyles. Also, other popular themes about Africa
emphasize its natural wealth in the terms of flora and fauna over
diverse landscapes such as deserts, grasslands, rain forest and coastal
plains. Africa even today stands out as a continent marked by violence,
AIDS, underdevelopment and poverty, amidst vast resources of minerals
and natural wealth.



Diversity

Africa has a rich and diverse presence of humanity which has adapted to
different ecological zones, complex socio-economic spheres and has
managed to still preserved its culture and traditions in the face of a
hoary and often turbulent past. Linguistic diversity is seen in the
number of languages and dialects spoken in Africa, up to two thousand.
Numerous tribes, ethnic and social groups, are indigenous to Africa,
some representing very large populations consisting of millions of people
and other smaller groups of a few thousand. Some of the tribes and ethnic
groups are engaged in different forms of activities such as hunting and
gathering, pastoralism, horticulture and farming. Other social groups are
engaged in activities such as trade and commerce.



African Tribes

Many different social groups and tribes are found across the continent of
Africa - with their culture varying from tribe to tribe. Some of the tribes
have traditions of clothing and accessories in the form of jewelry's, beads,
shell and apparel that reflect their traditional origin. Tattooing, piercing,
scarring and otherwise enhancing some part of the body through accessories is
common. Circumcision, largely male, but sometimes female is practiced in some
parts of Africa as a rite of passage. Masks, elaborate headgear, hunting gear,
weapons, ritualistic artifacts, etc. are used to mark identity, special
abilities and status of the individuals. There are many social events associated
with the tribal cultures such as courtship, weddings, initiation into warrior
groups, coming of age, feasting and other traditional celebrations.



Oral Traditions

Word of mouth is very important in Africa, and oral literature consists of myths,
origin fables, folklore, history, genealogy, folk remedies and is very popular
with the people of Africa, who previously did not store this knowledge in written
records, but rather passed it from generation to generation by word of mouth.
Singing and storytelling are very popular and highly prized in their society.


Arts and Crafts

Arts and crafts have a rich tradition in Africa. Wood, metal, and leather are
used for fashioning all types of work. African arts and crafts include sculpture,
paintings, pottery, ceremonial and religious headgear, ritual articles, musical
instruments, weapons, and dresses.



Religion and Beliefs

African religions include many beliefs including animism, spiritual beliefs,
witchcraft and Shamanism. Some are also influenced but not completely taken
over by modern religions such as Christianity and Islam, which are often
added to the core belief systems, and traditional rituals. Modern religions
such as Islam and Christianity still have a large number of traditional
adherents. There are many other religions and belief systems in Africa.


African Food

African cuisine largely consists of local influences and colonial additions
and includes vegetables, fruit, meat and dairy products. Grains, cassava and
yams form the basis for many meals. Stews of vegetables and meat are quite
popular. Influences from migrants and immigrants such as Arabs, Indians,
Europeans, etc. add to the kind of food and cuisine available.

It would be possible to write more, but to do justice to such an exercise
it would be necessary to undertake a lot of research and fieldwork. Even
focusing on a region of Africa such as culture in South Africa would be
challenging. Hope this piece has provided you a certain picture of the
complex patterns of African traditions.



African Cultures and Traditions
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/african-cultures-and-traditions.html



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SECTION 15



AFRICAN
CULTURE
AND
TRADITIONS
RELATED
TOPICS




Culture of Africa
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/culture-of-africa.html

Jamaican People: Traditions, Art and Culture
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/jamaican-people-traditions-art-and-culture.html

Cajun: History, People and Culture
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/cajun-history-people-and-culture.html

What is Culture?
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-is-culture.html

African Cultures and Traditions
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/african-cultures-and-traditions.html

Different Cultures of the World
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/different-cultures-of-the-world.html

Characteristics of Culture
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/characteristics-of-culture.html

Why is Culture Important?
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/why-is-culture-important.html

Importance of Culture
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/importance-of-culture.html

What are the Elements of Culture
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-are-the-elements-of-culture.html

Ethnicity Vs. Race
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ethnicity-vs-race.html



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SECTION 16



AFRO
AFRICA
AFRICAN
SEARCH ENGINES
ACADEMIC
REFERENCES




AIDS in Africa
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricaaids.html

Africa Links
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricameta.html

Africa Studies
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafrica.html

African American History - Black History Resources
http://www.academicinfo.net/node/30

African American History - Historical Men & Women
http://www.academicinfo.net/africanamimportant.html

African American History Digital Library
http://www.academicinfo.net/africanamlibrary.html

African American History Links
http://www.academicinfo.net/node/36

African American History Museums, Libraries, and Print Archives - Acdaemic Info
http://www.academicinfo.net/africanammuseums.html

African History Resources - History of Africa - Directories - Links
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricahist.html

African Organizations and African Studies Departments
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricaorg.html

African Philosophy
http://www.academicinfo.net/philafrican.html

African Studies - Libraries and Archives
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricalibraries.html

African Studies - News Sources
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricanews.html

African Studies Digital Library
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricalibrary.html


Academic Info
http://www.academicinfo.net/subject-guides



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SECTION 17



AFRICAN
AFRICAN AMERICAN
STUDIES
LINKS




Africa
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/index.html

Africa
http://www.ancient.eu/africa/

Africa
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/africa/

Africa: Across The Continent
http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/africa-across-the-continent.cfm

Africa Action
http://www.africaaction.org/

Africa Confidential
http://www.africa-confidential.com/

Africa Interactive Map
http://www.usaraf.army.mil/MAP_INTERACTIVE/INTERACTIVE_MAP.swf

AFRICANA JOURNAL
http://www.africanajournal.org/

Africana studies
http://ocw.nd.edu/africana-studies

Africana Studies Program
http://africanastudies.columbian.gwu.edu/

Africana Online
http://www.h-net.org/



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Africa Online KENYA
http://www.africaonline.co.ke/

Africa News.com
http://www.africanews.com/

Africa Online
http://www.africaonline.com/

Africa Online KENYA
http://www.africaonline.co.ke/

Africa South of the Sahara
http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/

Africa Web Links: An Annotated Resources List
http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Home_Page/WWW_Links.html

Africa Within
http://www.africawithin.com/

Africa Lesson Plans
http://africa.mrdonn.org/lessonplans.html

Africa Lesson Plans
http://teacherlink.ed.usu.edu/tlresources/units/byrnes-africa/aindex.htm

Africa Lesson Plans and Resources
http://www.homeschoolcreations.com/Africa.html

African Americans Free Lesson Plans, Games, Presentations
http://www.multicultural.mrdonn.org/AfricanAm.html



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African American History
http://americanhistory.mrdonn.org/blackhistorymonth.html

African American History, People
http://www.blackpast.org/view/vignettes_people

African American Studies
http://www.roadscholar.org/Programs/search_res.asp?Type=A&ProgDesc=African+American+Studies

African American Studies
http://www.pbs.org/teachers/socialstudies/inventory/culturalstudiesafricanamericanstudies-68.html?type=lessonplan

African American Studies Center
http://www.oxfordaasc.com/public/index.jsp?url=%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft0002%2Fe0072%3Fhi%3D1%26highlight%3D1%26from%3Dquick%26pos%3D1&failReason=

Africana
http://africanajournal.org/

Africana Online
http://www.h-net.org/

African Centered Rites of Passage and Education
http://www.afrocentric.info/SaintRest/AP35/Book1.html

African culture
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/africa/tools/culture/goals.html

African Culture Center
http://www.africanculturalcenter.org/

African Culture Complex
http://www.africanholocaust.net/africanculture.html



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African Culture and People
http://goafrica.about.com/od/peopleandculture/

African e-Journals Project
http://africa.msu.edu/AEJP/

African History Resources
http://www.academicinfo.net/histafricahist.html/

African History Teacher Resources
http://www.lessonplanet.com/lesson-plans/african-history

African Holocaust Society
http://www.africanholocaust.net

African Index of Resources
http://www.afrika.no/index

African Middle Eastern Reading Room
http://www.loc.gov/rr/amed/

African mythology
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Africanmythology.html

African National Congress
http://www.anc.org.za/

African Studies
http://catalog.yale.edu/ycps/subjects-of-instruction/african-studies/

African Studies
http://www.african-studies.org/

African Studies
http://www.iseek.org/education/fieldOfStudy?tab=3&id=210101



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African Studies Association
http://www.africanstudies.org/

African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania
http://www.africa.upenn.edu/

African Studies Centres worldwide
http://www.ilissafrica.de/en/als/

African Studies Internet Resources
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/

African Studies Program
http://africanstudies.georgetown.edu/

African Studies Quarterly
http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/

AFRICAN STUDY
http://www.informafrica.com/african-studies/african-study-african-language-publishing-for-children-in-south-africa/

African Virtual University
http://oer.avu.org/

Africa Unit Studies, Lesson Plans, Lapbooks, Printables
http://www.homeschoolshare.com/connections__africa.php

All Africa
http://www.allafrica.com

Aluka Digital library of scholarly resources
http://www.aluka.org/



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Answers Africa
http://answersafrica.com/

Association of African Studies Programs
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~aasp/

Association of African Women Scholars
http://www.africanwomenstudies.org/africa.html.html

Association of Concerned African Scholars
http://concernedafricascholars.org/

Atlas of Our Changing Environment: Africa
http://www.na.unep.net/AfricaAtlas/

The Audiobook version of The Mis-Education of the Negro
http://www.themiseducationofthenegro.com

Black History
http://www.BlackAmericans.com/

Black History Month
http://lessonplanspage.com/sslablackhistorymonth59-html/

Center for African Studies
http://ruafrica.rutgers.edu/resources/lesson_plans.html

Center for African Studies
http://africanstudies.stanford.edu/

Channel Africa
http://www.channelafrica.org/



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Coalition for African-centered Rites of Passage
http://www.afrocentric.info/CARoP

Contributions in Black Studies
http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cibs/

CULTURE
http://www.africanculturalcenter.org/5_4culture.html

CWAS
http://www.cwas.bham.ac.uk/

Encyclopedia Africana
http://www.panafricanperspective.com/encyclopedia.htm

The History of Islam in Africa
http://africanhistory.about.com/library/books/blreview-historyofislam.htm

The History of Islam in Africa
http://www.whyislam.org/muslim-world/the-history-of-islam-in-africa/

The History of Islam in Africa
http://islamawareness.net/Africa/afri_article001.html

The Index on Africa
http://www.afrika.no/index/

The International Journal of African Historical Studies
http://www.jstor.org/journals/

Islam and Africa - Culture and History
http://www.islamandafrica.com



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Islam in Africa
http://historyofislam.com/contents/the-classical-period/islam-in-africa/

Islam in Africa
http://www.africabib.org/islam.htm

ISLAM AND AFRICA
http://islamandafrica.com/

Lesson Plans African Studies Center
http://www.bu.edu/africa/outreach/resources/lessonplans/

Mail & Guardian Online
http://www.mg.co.za/

The Mis-Education of the Negro by Carter Godwin Woodson (full text)
http://historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/misedne.html

Nordic Africa Institute
http://www.nai.uu.se/

The Norwegian Council for Africa
http://www.afrika.no/

Philosophia Africana
http://philafricana.iweb.bsu.edu/philafricana.htm

The School of Oriental and African Studies - University of London
http://www.soas.ac.uk/

South Africa Childrens Literature Lesson Plans
http://www.shirleys-preschool-activities.com/childrens-literature-lesson-plans-south-africa.html



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South African Culture Teacher Resources
http://www.lessonplanet.com/lesson-plans/south-african-culture

South African Government Portal
http://www.gov.za/

Squinti African Art
http://squinti.com/?page_id=932

The Story of Africa: Islam
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section7.shtml

Study Abroad
http://www.siue.edu/studyabroad/

Teaching about Africa for K - 12
http://web.stanford.edu/dept/SUL/library/prod//depts/ssrg/africa/africaneducation/teaching-africa-K12.html

Unesco African
http://www.unescobreda.org/

University of South Africa UNISA
http://www.unisa.ac.za/

US Africa Online.com
http://www.usafricaonline.com/

WN Africa
http://www.wnafrica.com/



AFROPEDEA
http://www.afropedia.org


World Afropedia
http://worldafropedia.com/afropedia/Main_Page




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AFRICAN AMERICAN INDEX

AFRICAN AMERICAN LINKS

AFRICAN STUDIES RESOURCES

AFRICAN SUB-INDEX

AFRICAN AMERICAN

AFRO-LATIN AMERICAN

AFRO-LATIN AMERICAN RESOURCES

AFRICAN NATIVE AMERICAN

AFRICAN NATIVE AMERICANS RESOURCES

DIASPORA

DIASPORA RESOURCES


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